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Textul Original
Critical discourse analysis (CDA) brings the critical tradition of social analysis into language studies and contributes to critical social analysis a particular focus on discourse and on relations between discourse and other social elements (power relations, ideologies, institutions, social identities, and so forth). Critical social analysis can be understood as normative and explanatory critique. It is normative critique in that does not simply describe existing realities but also evaluates them, assesses the extent to which they match up to various values, which are taken (more or less contentiously) to be fundamental for just or decent societies (e.g. certain standards – material but also political and cultural – of human well-being). It is explanatory critique in that it does not simply describe existing realities but seeks to explain them, for instance by showing them to be effects of structures or mechanisms or forces that the analyst postulates and whose reality s/he seeks to test out (e.g. inequalities in wealth, income and access to various social goods might be explained as an effect of mechanisms and forces associated with ‘capitalism’)
Varianta Standard
Critical discourse analysis (CDA) integrates the critical tradition of social examination into the field of language studies and adds a specific emphasis on discourse, as well as the connections between discourse and other social factors, such as power dynamics, ideologies, institutions, and social identities. Critical social analysis can be viewed as both a normative and explanatory critique. It serves as a normative critique because it goes beyond merely describing current realities; it also evaluates them and considers how well they align with various values deemed essential for just or decent societies (for example, certain standards—both material and political or cultural—of human well-being). Additionally, it functions as an explanatory critique, not only describing existing realities but also aiming to clarify them by demonstrating that they are the results of particular structures, mechanisms, or forces that the analyst proposes and seeks to verify (for instance, disparities in wealth, income, and access to various social resources may be interpreted as outcomes of mechanisms and forces related to ‘capitalism’).